Bangka Island

Indonesia Visit Year 2008

Interesting Place and Destination

MATRAS BEACH

It is located in Sinar baru village, Sungailiat district in eastern of Bangka Island. It about 9 Km from Sungailiat, it's considered as the best in Bangka Island. The beach is about 3 kilometers long and its width is almost 30 meters. It is unspoiled white sandy beach with coconut trees around the beach area, the tropical breeze and sunshine. Enjoy the warm and clear waters of the blue sea or just have a cooling swim in the river entering the sea. This beach commonly called as the Heaven Beach because it surrounded with coconut trees and visited by a lot of visitor. An easily accessible beach can be found in the northeast of Bangka, 48 km from Pangkal Pinang and 12 km from Sungai Liat.

PARAI TENGGIRI BEACH

This beach is one of Bangka Island’s prides. The beach is located in Sungailiat district. The visitors can find various forms of boulders in this beach, which add its beauty. This beach is very ideal for having swimming, sun bathing and relax. Parai Tenggiri beach has the complete facilities in Bangka Island. There are luxurious hotels and water sport facilities. The tourists will enjoy this beach with the local fishermen who always spend their days by looking for fishes in the sea. The calmness and fresh sea wind will greet the visitor when they arrive there. This welcomed course make the tourists feel comfortable to stay here.

 Source :

http://www.indonesia-tourism.comHISTORY OF BANGKA ISLAND

During the 17th Century, Hindu people from Siantan and Johor of Malaysia inhabited Bangka Island. Subsequently it was occupied by Sriwijaya Kingdom (686 AD) who was written "Wangka" which means "Tin" on a stone, that's why Bangka Island is also called "Tin Island", the stone was found in the Western part of the island, near Kota Kapur, now the stone still can be seen at the National Museum in Jakarta.

Bangka was ceded to Britain by sultan of Palembang in 1812, but in 1814 it was exchanged with the Dutch for Cochin in India. The Japanese from 1942 to 1945 occupied the island. It became part of Indonesia independent in 1949. The island, together with neighboring Belitung, was formerly part of South Sumatra province, but in 2000 the two islands became the new province of Bangka-Belitung. Bangka is famous for two other events; the Banka Island Massacre in WWII by the Japanese of Australian Nurses and as reputedly the setting for the book "Lord Jim" by Joseph Conrad. Bangka is also home to a number of Indonesians communist that has been under house arrest since the 1960's and are not permitted to leave the island.

GENERAL CONDITION OF BANGKA ISLAND

Bangka Island is one of the island belong to Bangka-Belitung Province. The name Bangka is derived from the word ''Wangka'' which means ''tin''. This word was also written in Sriwijaya inscription dated 686 AD and discovered near Kota Kapur in West Bangka. Bangka lies east of Sumatra. Pangkal Pinang is the largest town and the capital of Bangka Belitung, and Sungailiat is the second large city in Bangka Island. One village, called Kampung Kim Hin, lies to the south of Sungailiat, this village is known for a type of alcohol called arak, which is produced from fermented rice. While, Muntok is the principal port.
From Jakarta it is one hour by plane. It has beautiful beaches. Boat service from Palembang to Muntok or Pangkal Pinang is adequate and should not take more than an overnight voyage.

This Island population is approximately 600 thousand people; consist of different ethnic groups, which come from all part of Indonesia. There are a large number of Chinese in habitants especially in the north around Belinyu. Accountings for 30% of Bangka population, 66% of Bangka people still depend of farming, other descendants of the tin mining company worker, fishing and other activities. Bangka has its own unique crafts witch are made of Bahar root (a kind of seaweed), craftsmen make it into various kinds of souvenirs such as rings, bracelets, cigarette pipes, etc. There are also handicrafts made of tin or pewter.

The best product from Bangka Island is "BANKATIN", which has a worldwide reputation amongst tin consumers as standard tin or grade "A" tin. The other important products of the island are rubber and pepper. During the Dutch occupation in Indonesia, the Muntok white Pepper became very famous and continues to be one of the best export commodities of Indonesia.

Sepintu Sedulang dance performed to welcome distinguished guests, the dance describes the open-hearted character of Bangkanese people, it is also performed during festivals occasions, other dance is Lion dance, it is performed to chase away evil spirits, some dancers being under a magicians influence go into a trance.

Geographically
The province is surrounded by South China Sea, Bangka straights and Java Sea. Bangka lies just east of Sumatra, separated by Bangka Strait. The marine environment around these islands is colorful. Bangka Island, which is situated at the Southern of the China Sea, it's between Sumatra and Borneo Island. The land area is about 11,6 thousands square Km, stretching 180 km from Northwest to Southeast, the island has various highlands that are mostly located in the middle of the island and many rivers follow diverse of the open sea. There are many beautiful beaches located in the Northwest of Bangka Island. This Island is bordered by:
North Side: Natuna Sea
East side: Natuna Sea
South side: Pangkalpinang town and Bangka Tengah Regency
West side: Bangka Barat Regency, Bangka Strait and Kelabat Bay

Demographics
The majority of the inhabitants are Malay Indonesians and Chinese mostly Hakkas. The population is split between those who work the pepper farms and those who work on the tin mines.

Temperature
The average temperature on the island is 26 degree C and has an average rainfall of 179.3 mm per month; the rainy season is between October to March. The average humidity is approximately 80 %.

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Mount Karangetang, [Api Siau], Siau Island, Indonesia

The Karangetang volcano is also known as Api Siau and is located on the northern end of Siau Island. The island is home to five summit craters. Karangetang is one of Indonesia's most active volcanoes. Since 1675, forty eruptions have been recorded. This is one of A type active volcanoes in North Sulawesi -Sangihe Islands volcanic arc, and located in the northern part of Siau Island. In 1974, during Karangetang's last major eruption, the entire population of Siau was forced to evacuate the island. Pyroclastic flow hazard have been noticed since the 1967 explosion, then in 1984-1985, 1988, 1992 and 1996. So far, the largest victims were 6 persons which were killed by a pyroclastic flow of the May 18, 1992 eruption. They were usually killed because of heat or at least heat injured. Lahars occurred in rivers after eruption producing pyroclastic flow deposits.

Karangetang Volcano is a conical shape with average slope about 25, and has two peaks, i.e. South Peak (1827 m) and North Peak (1784 m). Crater I is situated at the South Peak (Mardiasto, 1952; Semeru Harto, 1962; see Kusumadinata 1979; Manalu, 1986), whereas crater IV is located at the North Peak. Crater III is positioned in the saddle between the two peaks. Due to the continues activity crater IV, as the main crater, was formed inside the crater I. In 1996, both craters I and IV have been fully occupied by a lava dome. Karangetang Volcano has also flank craters, two in the south (+ 100 m and + 800 m) and one in the northwest (+ 950 m) slopes. The first two craters were formed during eruptions on September 15 and17, 1979 (Manalu, 1986), while the third one was on May 31, 1979(Pardyanto, 1981), and is known as Batubulan crater.
There is an island myth that says that the trees that surround the Karangetang were those that created it. Mysteriously the roots of the highest trees went towards a small hill and formed Karangetang (its form) and the roots went to the center and opened the Earth.

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Taman Mini Indonesia Indah

This 120-hectare (300-acre) open-air cultural/amusement park, 12 kilometres (7.5 miles) south of Jakarta, is a window on the cultural and environmental complexity of Indonesia. Pavilions built in traditional style exhibit artifacts, customs and lifestyles of the peoples of each of Indonesia's provinces. You could spend half a day in the Riau pavilion alone, and it would take a week to see everything. In fact, Indonesians will proudly tell you that there will be no need to see the rest of Indonesia if you visit the park, which they compare to Disneyland. Constructed after a 1971 visit to Disneyland by Madame Suharto, the sprawling complex is an instant, Albert superficial, introduction to Indonesia. A number of souvenir stalls and Indonesian-style restaurants dot the grounds, and there is a friendly warung complex. On Sundays there are free traditional dance performances, films and cultural shows. A calendar of events can bee picked up at hotels of from any Garuda or VIC office. Open daily from 9 am to 5 pm, but most of the pavilions close at 4 pm. They close the gates at around 10 pm. To get to Taman Mini, take a bus marked 'Mini Indonesia' from Terminal Kampung Rambutan.

Where To Eat
Jakarta offers a glorious melange of cuisine. Settlers and visitors through the centuries have left a culinary legacy of astounding variety; a delicate blending of Chinese, Arabic, Dutch and native Javanese cooking. Dining experiences range from hearty plantation feasts in recreated colonial splendour to simple, delicious snacks in roadside stalls. All five-star hotels offer top-quality continental or oriental food in their grill rooms. More local flavour is available at the Caf Batavia, a recreated 1930s caf, or the Oasis Restaurant, which serves a modern version of the 20-course rijsttafel banquets beloved by Dutch colonials. Chinese restaurants such as the Nyun Yen and Ratu Bahari serve superb seafood dishes in cavernous dining rooms. For authentic Indonesian food, the Sarinah Food Court consists of two dozen-food stalls serving local cuisine in air-conditioned comfort.

Getting Around In Jakarta

By Air:
Flights between Jakarta and all major towns are frequent, departing at least once a day. However, flights between two provincial destinations can be infrequent or non-existent. All flight services in Java are made by late-model jet or turbo-prop.

By Rail:
Train services are available throughout Java, a more scenic alternative to flying. Fast, comfortable trains run from Jakarta through Yogyakarta to Surabaya and along the northern route through Semarang to Surabaya. Most trains between major destination offer first or executive class service, which includes air-conditioning, airline-style seats and complimentary beverage and meal service. Contact your nearest station for travel details.

By Buses and Other Public Transport:
A dense network of bus routes serves Jakarta. Air-conditioned express buses link all major cities. Several tour operators offer all-inclusive overland excursions to all major tourist destinations in Java. Jakarta’s public transport systems are over-loaded and often uncomfortable. Air-conditioned Patas buses offer an express service with no standing passengers allowed. Otherwise buses are better avoided. The Bajaj is an orange coloured, three-wheeled vehicle, which serves short distance runs within limited areas. Fares are negotiated before the journey.

Car Rental:
Chauffeur-driven rented cars are available in all large towns. Self-driven vehicles are also available, though not recommended, for intricate travel. Established taxi services and car rental companies offer fixed rates for hourly or specific routes. If you choose to drive your self, a valid International Driving License is required. Most International road conventions are observed in Jakarta, although right-of-way tends to go to the larger vehicle and turns are not always signalled. Remember to drive on the left and overtake only on the right. Turning left at a red light is allowed only when indicated. Do not expect other drivers to obey traffic laws or conventions, including traffic lights.

Taxis
Taxis are plentiful and comparatively cheap in Jakarta. Most are air-conditioned. Make sure the driver is willing to use the metre. If not, get out and find another taxi. Blue bird Taxi Company also offers a superior taxi service called Silverbird, and the Golden Bird limousine service.

From The Airport
Most large hotels operate free shuttles from Soekarno – Hatta airport. Buses and Taxis are also available. Bluebird and Silverbird have a Taxi reservation stand inside the international arrival hall. Otherwise take a metre taxi from the stand outside. An airport surcharge, plus toll road fees will be added to the metre fare.

Where To Stay In Jakarta

Jakarta is a modern city with facilities for travelers of every budget and preference. Top-of-the-market Jakarta hotels are managed by the standard international chains including Hilton, Regent and Hyatt, or by regional and local chains such as Sahid, Shangri-La, Hotel Indonesia International and Mandarin Oriental. Mid-market chain such as Ibis and Holiday Inn, and local private hotels like the Kartika Plaza or Hotel Sabang offer good value for money. Large residences converted into European-style mansions, which go by the name of guesthouses in Jakarta, can be a pleasant and much cheaper alternative to standard hotels.

Activities
Taman Mini is full of strange and wonderful experiences for the whole family; playgrounds and museums litter the park, with something for all members of your group. Pick up a brochure from your hotel for the latest and most up-to-date activities!

Attractions
Teatre Imax Keong Emas (Golden Snail Theatre) Located in the Taman Mini is the Imax theatre which present "Beautiful Indonesia" on a gigantic screen using the latest Imax system. Open from 11.00 hrs - 17.00 hrs.

Keong Emas Flower Garden
Located behind the Keong Emas Theatre, this beautiful garden is said to be inspired by the usual garden facilities, it has a library and its own nursery.

Pancasila Flame Monument
At the entrance gate stands the Pancasila Flame Monument, 45 meters high. It symbolizes the five principle of the Indonesian State philosophy.

Pendopo Agung Sasana Utomo
Not far from the monument is a grand pavilion in the shape of a Javanese hall, called the Pendopo Agung Sasana Utomo. At the back of this pavillion is a hall for art performances, named Sasono Langen Budoyo.

The Main Gate
The Main Gate into the park is shaped like a typical Javanese split gate, and bears a chronogram indicating the year of the park's opening.

Main Hall
The main hall is located behind the Pancasila Monument, and is shaped like a grand Javanese pavilion, known as joglo. It is receiving visiting foreign dignitaries. The four main pillars in the center of the hall called Soko Guru symbolize the four according to the ancient Javanese concept: earth, water, fire and air. Th pillars and panels in this hall are richly embellished with relief's, carved in teakwood, depicting scenes from the epics Ramayana, Parikesit and Pandawa Lima. Behind the main hall, is the Langen Budoyo Hall, which is used for the staging of art performances and for receptions. The gallery behind it, called pringgitan, can seat 1,000 guests. The Museum of Indonesia Located near the Pancasila monument, it is a three-storey building, the structure and ornamental details of which symbolize the relationship between God and man, between men and fellow men, and between man and the environment, based on the doctrine of Tri Hita Karana. The museum is built in Balinese style. On the first floor, a variety of Indonesia traditional costume is exhibited. On the second floor are samples of the arts and crafts from all the provinces of Indonesia. There is also a stage for lather puppet shows. On the third floor stands a huge tree of life symbol, made of copper.

3-D Cinema Building
There is a movie theatre playing three dimensional films. Open daily from 13 to 16 p.m. On Sunday and holidays, it is open from 10.00 - 17 p.m.

Ambar Tirta Swimming Park
Located near the movie house, the park's swimming pool complex includes a stage for shows and a playground for children.

The Skylift
The skylift terminal is near the Museum of Indonesia. From the coaches one can see a model of the Indonesian Archipelago, its islands and straits, in the pool below. The whole park, in fact, is visible in a bird's eye view.

House of Worship
Near the shops and the Jakarta, Lampung, West Java pavilions is a complex of houses of worship of various religions. There is a mosque, a Protestant and a Roman Catholic church, Buddhist and a Hindu Balinese temple, and also a meditation hall and a model of the Borobudur shrine. They are located also to each other, to symbolize religious harmony.

Mini Railway Station
Near the skylift terminal is a mini railway station, with mini trains to take visitors on a ride through the park for a modest fee.

Atmaja Recreation Park
The Atmaja Recreation Park is Taman Mini's former jogging arena. A malay orchestra performs there on Sunday mornings at around 11 am.

The Orchid Garden
Located in the eastern part of the park. The orchid garden contains species from all over Indonesia and other countries.

The Bird Park
The Bird Park is located near the Irian Jaya and Central Sulawesi pavilion. Various rare species can be found living under the huge dome, including Cendrawasih Birds of Paradise from Irian Jaya.

The Komodo Museum
So called because the building assembles a giant Komodo lizard, the rare prehistoric reptile found only on the island of Komodo and a few other islands in East Nusa Tenggara. Inside are preserved specimens of rare Indonesian animals.

The Cactus Garden
Located next to the Philatelic Museum. Various kinds of cactus garden, contains stamps from both Indonesia and abroad. Also shown is the process of making stamps. A statue of Hanoman, the monkey god from the epic Ramayana, embodies the first postman.

Children's Palace
The Children's Palace is located next to the Irian Jaya and East Timor pavilions, not far from the waterfall and pond, Sendang Sejodo. This medieval castle is the center of children's activities, from playing to learning and sports.

The Asmat Museum
Samples of the famed Asmat and Dani statues and carvings can be seen in this museum.

Culture & Tourist Information Center
A helpful staff is always on standby in this center to help visitors obtain information on various aspects of life in Indonesia. A library is also available.

Among Putra Park
This is a playground for children with all sorts of facilities for play and entertainment.

The ABRI Military Museum
This Museum is located in front of the Bali pavilion, in the eastern part of the park, and exhibits displays related to the role and history of the Indonesia armed forces (ABRI). Access is gained by crossing an artificial lake, but it is also possible to walk through a yardside.

The Tourist Village
The Tourist Village, or cottages, is located behind the philatelic Museum and the Komodo Museum. There are 11 cottages available.

The Living Apothecary
This is a garden of medicinal plants. The making of traditional Indonesian herbal medicines is demonstrated in a pavilion

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Tana Toraja

The Centre of tourism in Tana Toraja is Rantepao, 328 km Northeast of Ujung Pandang. Sitting 700 meters above sea level, Rantepeo has cool, pleasant evenings. A gate built in traditional boat-shaped style marks the entry to Tana Toraja. The road passes the spectacular mountains of Kandora and Gandang on which, according to Toraja mythology, the first ancestors of celestial beings descended from heaven. Two villages with easily accessible cliff graves are Lemo and Londa. Londa is one of the oldest hanging grave sites, in which are buried many members of local nobility. A large balcony is filled with effigies of the dead, the Tau Tau. Young village guides with kerosene lamps can be hired to enter the caves. At Lemo, burial chambers are cut out of the rock and several balconies filled with Tau Tau overlook new caves being dug to serve as family graves.

Palawa is an excellent village to visit a "Tongkonan", or a burial place still swarming with celebrations and festivals. Visitors are welcome but they are expected to adhere to local dress customs, and to bring a token present, such as cigarettes or coffee. Take a side trip from Rantepeoto Kete, a traditional village with excellent handicraft shops. Behind the village on a hillside is a gravesite with life-size statues guarding over old coffins.

Getting Around

By Air:
The airport serving Rantepao is at Rantetayo, near Makle, 24 km south of Rantepao and there is a bus service to town.

By Land:
Buses to Rantepao from Ujung Pandang leave daily from Ujung Pandang. The journey takes 8 hours and includes a meal stop. Tickets should be bought in town but coaches actually leave from Panaikan bus terminal, 20 minutes out of town by bemo. Coaches typically leave in the morning (7 am), afternoon (1 pm) and at night (7 pm). Several companies in Rantepao run buses back to Ujung Pandang with the departure time and prices. The number of buses each day depends on the number of passengers.

Local Transportation:
Bemo is the best way to get to know the locals, besides chartered vehicles (minibuses and Jeeps) with or without driver.

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Majapahit Sculpture

Named after the bitter (pahit) maja fruit, Majapahit, made Singasari in the late 13th century as the dominant power and became the most powerful kingdom ever in Indonesia, where during the 14th century became the golden age of cultural and ploitical development which until today, historical figures and Hindu and Buddhist influenced motifs remain popular. Located south west from Surabaya and around 10km from the town Mojokerto lies Trowulan, where it is surrounded by 100 square kilometers of archaeological site.

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Tangkuban Perahu Mountain

Mt. Tangkuban Perahu is Bandung's most famous tourist volcano just 28 km north of the city. This volcano offers many places to see and explore. Whether you look into the huge crater or hike down into it, stroll through the forest on its slopes, or simply enjoy the splendid panoramic view, Mt. Tangkuban Perahu is an interesting destination that everyone in the Bandung area is fond of visiting. When seen from Bandung, Mt. Tangkuban Perahu has a distinctive shape, like an upside down boat. Tangkuban Perahu means, in fact, "up-turned boat" This peculiar shape has stimulated the fantasy of the Sundanese people from early times as expressed in the Legend of Sangkuriang.

Geologically, Mt. Tangkuban Perahu has played a significant role in the development of the Parahyangan highlands. Eruptions have contributed immensely to the hills north of Bandung through lava flowing into the valleys and hardening into rock, thus forming big cliffs over which waterfalls leap. Likewise, mud flows have formed a semi-circular cone of gentle gradient (what geologists call "a fan"), which is now a mass that blocked the valley of the ancient Citarum River near present day in Padalarang (some 18 km west of Bandung), this caused a lake to form covering the whole Bandung plain.

Though the mountain appears peaceful, mild eruptions occurred in 1969, when Kawah Ratu spewed ash and barrages 500 m high. As recently as September 1992 it was closed to the public for a few days because unusually high seismic activity led volcanologists to fear a new eruption. On the mountain's northern flank is an area called Death Valley, so named for its frequent accumulation of poisonous gases. On a reasonably clear day, from Kawah Ratu, the main crater, you can see not only the mountain range to the east, with Mt. Bukittunggul as its highest peak (2,209 m), but also two other in a northeasterly direction. The lower and nearer one is Mt. Tampomas (1,684 m) just north of Sumedang some 40 km away. To the right and about 90 km away is Mt. Ciremai close to Cirebon on the north coast. At 3,078 m, Mt. Ciremai is West Java's tallest mountain. At the foot of Mt. Tangkuban Perahu you see the Ciater tea plantation covering the rolling hills. Farther to the left are the northern coastal plains of Java, and on an extremely clear day you may even be able to see the Java Sea beyond.

Kawah Ratu, which means "Queen's Crater", is today just a big gray hole which sometimes has a pool of water at its center. Poisonous gases sometimes accumulate in Kawah Ratu, thus making it somewhat of a risk to descend to the crater floor. Beyond the saddled shaped depression on the far side of Kawah Ratu is the still active Kawah Upas, the oldest crater on the mountain. On the very far western cliff you see a spot where all vegetation has been destroyed by constantly rising sulphurous vapors. On the crater walls, note the various layers of material consisting of rock, sand, and pebbles. Overtime, new craters have formed again and again in a rather consistent shift from west to east. The most well known of these is the Domas crater, but also there are other smaller ones in jungle on the mountain's northeastern flank.

Where To Eat
The restaurant nearest to Tangkuban Perahu Crater is Saung Ranggon. Visitors should also note that the Lembang area (around 15 minutes from the crater) is an alternative place to eat, where the fruit market is fill with tropical fruits.

Where To Stay
Since Bandung and Lembang is not far away from the crater, international and national standards hotels (Stars and non stars) are available in the city.

Getting Around

You can hire a taxi or (a minimum 5 hour use and pay more for each extra hour), or join a tour organized by a travel agent. You can also go by public transportation (but less conveniently). Travel first north to Lembang, then change then to Subang, get off at the Tangkuban Perahu toll gate. A sign at the crossroads in the northern part of Lembang directs you left Subang and Mt. Tangkuban Perahu or straight ahead to the Maribaya hot springs.

The road from Lembang to Mt. Tangkuban Perahu goes past fruit and vegetable fields and stalls, and if you're travelling just after sunrise, the morning mist still shrouds the villages of the Lembang plain, a truly idylic sight. Eventually the road enters a pine forest and 2 km after that, right in the forest, is a marked turn off to the left and you can find a toll gate where you pay an entrance fee.

Visit the top crater first and do the lower one later. Just follow the road until you reach the crater rim at an elevation of 1,830 m. Tangkuban Perahu is Bandung's most popular tourist spot, the immediacy of the crater is overwhelming, despite all the souvenir sellers. As the crater is easily accessible by car and public transport, a great number of people are there every Sunday, and on public holidays; so if you want to avoid the crowds, go on a weekday, or early morning on Saturdays and Sundays.

Activities And Attractions
Hiking Around the Crater
Circling Kawah Ratu to the right (north) is a popular and less dangerous route than to the left because the edge of the cliff is secured with a fence. You can climb up to the top of the rim where a geological station is located, or down to Domas crater where you may stand right on the stony crater's bed besides boiling sulfur water jetting out of ground. From Domas, you may stroll down through cool woods and reach the main car park beyond Kawah Ratu.

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Bromo Mountain

Mount Bromo is a convenient stop for travelers between Bali and Surabaya, and the most popular of all of East Java's travel destinations, this active 2,392-metre- (7,85 foot-) high volcano lies 112 kilometers (70 miles), about three hours, southeast of Surabaya. Enclosed by perpendicular walls 350 metres (1,150 feet) high, Bromo's awesome 2,200-metre- (7,220-foot-) high 'sand sea' caldera has three mountains within it, craters within one huge crater, the Bromo Semeru Massif.

There are also three small crater lakes inside the larger crater, with waterfowl and excellent hiking. The ideal time to visit is in the dry season (April-November) when you have a better chance of seeing a blood-red sunrise in the wet season; you might as well sleep late and stroll across the sand sea during the warmer part of the day, after the heavy fog has blown away. The temperature on top of Bromo is around 5°C (40°F); in July, it could drop to 0°C (32°F), so dress warmly.
Three times a year, the site is overrun by tourists in February when an annual festival takes place, over Christmas, and during July and August. So plan your visit for another time if you don't like crowds. From Bromo's peak are stunning views of active Gunung Semeru, Java's highest mountain.

Although Bromo can still vent steam and ash, smoke profusely and occasionally boom from the central crater, lava has not been ejected in recent history. Many local and foreign travelers make the trek for the mystical experience of watching the sunrise from the crest of the Bromo volcano. A pony ride from the village of Ngadisari takes you over a sea of sand to the foot of the volcano. Ascend the 50 steps to reach the rim. On the vast expanse of sands formerly a caldera, there are two volcanoes: the extinct Batok, which is a perfect cone and Bromo. Volcanic sulphur fumes and smoke still emanate from the depths, and when the God of Bromo begins to rumble, the surrounding population quickly brings their offerings. The annual offering ceremony of Kasada is held on the 14th day of Kasada, the twelfth month in the Tenggerese calendar year. It is a dazzling event where villagers from the surrounding areas bring their humble offerings to the holy volcano. No matter how much you have heard about it, you won't be prepared for this unforgettable spectacle.

Mount Bromo may be reached via Malang and Surabaya. From Surabaya's Joyoboyo Bus Station, take a bus or minibus for two-and-a half to three hours to Probolinggo (93 kilometres, or 58 miles). Leave Surabaya early so that you can make it to Ngadisari, below Bromo, the same day go to Ngadisari it is two hours by minibus, leaving every hour or The turn off to Ngadisari is four kilometres (2.5 miles) west of in the main highway between Surabaya and Banyuwangi. In April-November, this road is passable all the way to Ngadisari. From Ngadisari to sing, walk or take a horse. The ascent to the Bromo crater from Cemoro is about two hours by foot or one-and-a-half hours on horseback.

Where To Eat
There are no tourist-quality restaurants outside of the hotels; it is strongly recommended that you arrange your food and drink for your trek at your hotel.

Where To Stay
One of the best places to stay is Cemoro Lawang because it is situated at the crater rim.

Wayang Leather Puppet Show

Wayang
A Javanese word meaning 'shadow' or 'ghost', wayang is a theatrical performance of living actors, three dimensional puppets, or shadow images held before a screen lit from behind. The word can also refer to the puppets themselves. Most often the chants are in the Kawi (Old Javanese), as archaic a language today as Shakespearean English. Wayang performances are staged when a transitional event occurs in the life of a family (a birthday, wedding or important religious occasion), or as ritual entertainment during family feasts or selamatan. Coming of age (puberty, circumcision, a promotion in rank, even the building of a new swimming pool could be an excuse for a show. As well as providing entertainment, wayang teaches the meaning and purpose, as well as the contradictions and anomalies, of modern life. Even government policies are explained in terms of wayang theatre, not only by the puppet master, but also in newspaper editorials and even in government statements.

The Dalang
The Dalang, the wayang puppeteer, is the playwright, producer, principal narrator, conductor and director of this shadow world. He is an expert in languages and highly skilled in the techniques of ventriloquism. Some dalang even carve their own puppets, maintaining a cast of up to 200 which are kept in a katok, or big wooden box. He must be familiar with all levels of speech according to the dramatis personae, modulating his voice and employing up to nine tonal and pitch variations to suit each puppet's temperament. The dalang has a highly developed dramatic sense, and if he has a good voice, his chants are beautiful and captivating to hear. He must also be intimately versed in history (including complex royal genealogies) music (melodies, modes, phrases and song), recitation (both gamelan and spoken), eloquence (an extempore poet creating a warm or terrifying atmosphere) and posses a familiarity with metaphysics, spiritual knowledge and perfection of the soul. Traveling from village to village and city to city, he has as many fans as a film star.

Wayang Kulit
A shadow play using two-dimensional puppets. Handcrafted out of buffalo or goat parchment, the puppets have the appearance of paper dolls but with arms that swivel. The wayang kulit can be likened to a combination 'Punch and Judy Show' and Shadow Graph'. Since a wayang kulit puppet is a stylized exaggeration of a human shape, it is really a shadow of a shadow. Many different styles of wayang kulit exist. Palembang performs its own version, using its own dialect banjar is popular. In Jakarta, wayang kulit is performed in the local Batawi dialects. But by far the most popular is the wayang kulit form practiced in Central and East Java and on Bali, where it has been developed as a spellbinding medium for storytelling.

Wayang Topeng
This masked theatre mimes the stories of the wayang golek, using dancing men who act like puppets. Somtimes the dancers themselves speak their roles; at other time the dalang speaks for them, while the actors just march on and off the stage. Although classical Javanese language (kawi) is most often used, it is spoken in a less stylized form than in wayang orang. Troupes on Java consist of male dancers; female roles are taken by boys aged between eight and 14, before their voice changes. The masks, which are shiny and beautiful, are often similar to the heads of Golek puppets. Each region of Java and Bali features a different style of topeng masks, costume and dance. The most active topeng centers are in East Java and on Bali. On stage, the masks with their large and mysterious eyes seem suspended in the air. An entire wayang topeng troupe consists of perhaps 25 people, and a set of topeng traditionally contains 40-80 pieces.

Wayang Orang
Called wayang wong in Javanese, these are abstract, symbolic dance plays, with or without masks, employing actor-dancers that dress up like golek puppets. Masks are usually only worn by actors playing animals or monster roles (for example, the King of Demons in the Ramayana). A dalang may recite and chant, but the dialogue is most often spoken by live actors and actresses wearing shiny costumes of gold and black, and rich deep-coloured batik silks. Because of its hilarious antics, wayang orang is more of spectacle to Westerners than other wayang forms. But it is also by far the most expensive form to stage. A boxful of leather or wooden puppets is much cheaper to maintain than a whole troupe of live actors who have to be fed, clothed, transported and paid. Consequently, wayang orang is the rarest wayang form.

Where To Stay
There are a variety of places one can stay and enjoy such performances as those mentioned above. Many hotels provide in house entertainment. All of these places to stay offer somewhere to eat and drink, and many have restaurants that cater for tourists offering a good choice of food.

Getting Around

By Air:
There are several direct flights daily from Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya and Bali. Night trains from Jakarta, though comfortable, arrive at inconvenient hours.

By Bus:
Luxury buses with hotel pick-up and drop-off services operate from Bali via Surabaya.

By Rail:
Fast, comfortable trains run from Jakarta through Yogyakarta to Surabaya. First or executive class service includes air-conditioning, airline-style seats and complimentary beverage and meal service. The night trains from Jakarta, though comfortable, arrive in Yogya in the early hours of morning while the dawn service arrives in the late afternoon.

Many sites of interest are easy walking distance from Jl. Malioboro, the main tourist area where several hotels are located. Otherwise, metered taxis and chauffeur-driven rental automobiles are abundant. The typically innovative Yogyanese tourist authorities have been teaching rudimentary English to pedicab a pleasant option for visiting most attractions. There is also the option to rent a bicycle, a nice way to see the sights at ones own pace.

Activities

Wayang Orang (Human Wayang Theatre)
Purawisata
Located on Jl Brigjend Katamso (east of Kraton). Every evening performs wayang Ramayana.

Ambarukmo Palace Hotel
Located on Jl. Solo, west of Adisucipto Airport, every evening performs Ramayana Dance at the restaurant or in the garden.

Arjuna Plaza Hotel
Located on Jl. Mangkubumi, south of Tugu, every Thursday evening performs Ramayana Dance.

Ramayana Ballet at Prambanan Temple
It is a colossal live presentation with the backdrop of the grandiose Prambanan Temple, 15 km east of Yogya. The two hours ballet is presented alternately in Yogya and Solo dance style by five dance troupes of Wisan Murti, Cahyo Gumelar, Sekarpuri, Guwa Wijaya and Roro Jonggrang foundation led by Sri Paku Alam VIII. Formerly, the performance was organized only for dates under a full moon of May to October. The open area offers the complete Ballet, while the close arena presents aselection of different acts. The tickets are available at several Travel Agencies or could be purchased at the ticket windows just before the show.

Roro Jongrang Foundation provides Yogya-Prambanan, cheap round trip transportation.

Hanoman’s Forest Restaurant
Located on Jl. Prawirotaman . It performs wayang with different stories every evening.

Kraton Yogyakarta
Every Sunday morning performs a Classical Court Dance.

Wayang Kulit Yogyakarta
The name wayang comes from the Javanese word for ‘’shadow’’ of the puppets that the spectators are watching. The traditional repertoire is originated from classic Hindu mythologies, Ramayana and Mahabharata epics, adapted to the local traditions. Wayang shows usually last throughout the night.

Attractions
Yogyakarta is an ancient historical city; museums and a bustling nightlife will undoubtedly keep you entertained if not entranced at this marvellous place.

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Krakatau Volcano

Krakatau erupted in 1883, one of the most catastrophic natural events in recorded history. The volcano literally blew itself apart, sending a column of ash and stone 80 km, into the air. Ash fell on Singapore, and the entire region was covered in darkness for two days. The volcanic dust in the atmosphere circled the earth for three years, creating sensational sunsets.

At that very instant, Krakatau vanished as if devoured by the sea, causing formidable tidal waves which in turn swept off just about everything alive from the surrounding coastal areas. However, the disappearance of the gigantic Krakatau also meant the birth of small islands in its place, one of which is called Anak Krakatau or Krakatau's Child which is at present an extremely active young volcano. From both West Java's West Coast and from Sumatra's Lampung Province, this young and very active volcano is clearly visible. It is possible for boats to land on the Eastern Shore of this young volcano, and depending on recent activity, you can climb to the rim of the caldera. A boat trip to Anak Krakatau is worth the adventure.

Places To Eat
Bring along lunch and refreshments, as it is hot and there is no fresh water available on the island - all other supplies for the trip should be brought with you.

Where To Stay
There is no where to stay on Anak Krakatau but there are a variety of places to stay on the mainland, Carita Krakatau Beach, Anyer Beach, Mambruk, Merak Beach are some of the major hotels along the coastal area that are recommended.

Getting Around
To Krakatau. Boats may be chartered to the four uninhabited islands of the anak Krakatau from Labuan port. Arrangements can also be made through the hotels: Carita Krakatau Beach, Anyer Beach, Mambruk, Merak Beach and some other major hotels along the coastal area. As the trip takes four to five hours each way, the weather is hot and there is no fresh water out there. Boats may be chartered to the four uninhabited islands of the Krakatau group from Labuan (Anyer - West Java). The cost depends on the chartered boats, from small fishing craft up to a motorized fiberglass launch that can carry up to 10 people. Arrangement can be made through any hotels or at the port. Most visitors land at the eastern side of Anak Krakatau, climb up to the top of the first ridge for a view into the smoking crater and across to the other three islands. The trip is not recommended during the rainy season, (November to March) when the seas are rough.

Activities And Attractions
Most visitors land at the eastern side of Anak Krakatau, climb up to the top of the first ridge for a view into the smoking crater and across to the other three islands. This is a good place for walking and taking photographs.

Lake Toba
Referred to as the centrepiece of North Sumatra Lake Toba offers beautiful scenery and a pleasant climate. Lake Toba is the largest lake in South East Asia measuring 100km in length; it is also one of the deepest and highest lakes in the world. The lake was formed after a prehistoric volcanic explosion; today the surrounding landscape is steep and fertile. Lake Toba has the island of Samosir situated in the centre of the lake and a regular ferry is available from the mainland to Samosir. Samosir is home to the hospitable tribe, Toba Batak and is well worth a visit, just to capture the traditions and culture of the tribe.

Where To Eat
High quality hotels can be found on the mainland at Prapat, many of which have restaurants serving European food. Leo's jazz blues restaurant & cafe (near Elsine GH & Hora's Homestay) offers video, pizzas & happy hour. Reggae bar (near Samosir & Anju cottages) boast a pool table. Tuk-Tuk and Samosir are littered with small cafes to larger more upscale restaurants. Explore, and you will not be dissapointed!

Where To Stay
Two star hotels and comfortable home stays can be found on the Island of Samosir.

Getting Around
Lake Toba is approximately 3 hours by road from Medan there is a frequent bus service that runs from Medan to Lake Toba and hired taxis available. If you are in Samosir and wish to go to Lake Toba there is a regular ferry service that will carry passengers and motorcycles. If you desire there are private speedboats for charter.

Activities
Lake Toba is a spectacular experience; it is a walker's paradise. There are a variety of tours available encompassing Samosir and the surrounding area. The ferry from the mainland to Samosir is a pleasant experience and a trip to Samosir provides an insight into the local Batak culture that resides on the island. If you're into photography Lake Toba is a good place to go and take some magnificent pictures.

Attractions

Batak Cultural Center
Lively and exciting dance and music performances are held here every Saturday night for a modest entrance fee; alternatively Prapat hotel has a similar cultural exhibition on their premises for tour groups. The week-long Lake Toba Festival is held annually in June, where alongside the song and dance, is the fascinating canoe race held by competing villages.

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Komodos Dragons

Famous around the world for the Komodo Dragon and excellent diving, Komodo lies just to the East of Sumbawa. The legendary reputations of Komodo Dragons, coupled with dangerous currents and deep waters around the island, have kept the population and visitors to a minimum. This has helped preserve the island natural flora, fauna and coral formations.

On the strangely foreboding island of Komodo between Flores and Sumbawa is the Jurassic Park of Indonesia, a small island of 280 square km, home to the famous Komodo dragon, a giant monitor lizard over two meters long, the world's biggest reptile which can reach more than 3m in length and 136 kg, perhaps the only living cousin of the dinosaur. Potential man-eaters, the dragons are extremely dangerous and visitors must be accompanied by a park ranger to the 59,000 hectare park. A special "bite zone", a fenced enclosure like a terrestrial shark cage allows visitors to safely take pictures of the dragons as they fight, mate and eat in the surrounding forest.

Getting Around
The island of Komodo can now be reached by ferry from Sape on Sumbawa Island, and from Labuanbajo, in Manggarai. Komodo Island is 20 miles away from Labuanbajo. By motorboat, the trip takes three hours, the alternative is to go by ferry from Sape in Sumbawa or take one of the several luxury cruise ships that ply the area or over the Flores mainland via Manggarai Regency by public transport means or by twin Otter aircraft from the little airport of Mutiara.

By Air:
Nusa Tenggara Barat consists of two main islands: Lombok and Sumbawa. On the island of Lombok we find Selaparang Airport, in Mataram City, just 2 kms from the city of Sumbawa Besar, located in the Western region of the island. Also on Sumbawa, but on the eastern side of this long, elongated island, is Salahudin Airport about 10 kms from the city of Bima. Fokker-27 planes can reach Sumbawa Island. It is easy to reach Nusa Tenggara Barat with domestic flight.

By Land:
Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) has good internal transportation system, having good public transport within its cities and larger bus services connecting cities. To reach tourism areas and tourist attractions on NTB a variety of public and private transport is available. "Angkutan Kota" and taxis can be used within a city, and even "Cidomo"- traditional horse-drawn carts-and motor boats, in seaside areas, exist. The city of Mataram in Lombok, the provincial capital, holds the main transport terminal, which serves all cities, towns and large villages throughout the entire NTB region. Cidomo horse carts operate wherever you arrange for them to take you - a bit like a taxi.

By Sea:
A regular ferry service exist from Bali to Lombok with 12 crossing a day, every 2 hours, starting at 6.00 am. The journey takes approx. 3.5 - 4 hours and the price varies depending on the quality of the ferry. For those wishing to continue on to Sumbawa, there are 6 departures a day from Khayangan Harbor in Easter Lombok, to Poto Tano Harbor in West Sumbawa. The journey takes about 1.5 hours. Also a ferry runs once a day from Sape Harbor, in far Eastern Sumbawa, to Nusa Tenggara Timur once a day. Ships call at Lembe Harbor in Lombok once fortnightly. Using the following route:

The Kelimutu
Every Monday leaves Lembar for Bima-Waingapu-Ende-Kupang-Kalabahi-Maumere-Ujung Pandang, and return.

The KM Sirimau
Leaves Lembar (Lombok) every Friday and Sunday. Lembar-Makasar (Ujung Pandang) Lembar-Surabaya-Sampit-Cirebon-Pontianak-Tanjung Priok.

The Kelimutu also departs Bima (East Sumbawa) once every 2 weeks on a Wednesday.
There are 2 routes:
Bima-Waingapu-Ende-Kupang-Kalabahi-Maumere-Ujung Pandang and return. Bima-Lembaar-Benoa-Banyuwangi. Remarks: Quoted information as above may change without prior notice.

Attractions And Activities

The Palace of Dalam Loka
Constructed during the reign of Sultan Muhammad Jalaludin lil, the Sultan of Sumbawa kingdom (1883 -1931), in Seketeng village, is an exquisite example of the local traditional architectural style. Mainly using wood for its construction, it is supported by 99 wooden poles, which coincides with the 99 names of God Almighty, according to the local belief.

Bate Gong
A village of coral construction architecture.

Lebuk Tallwang
This extensive lake covered with waterlilies, men fishing incanoes, waterfowls and hawks, is only 3 km from Taliwang which is renowned for its restaurants serving delicious chicken dishes. Marvelous boating and fishing.

Aik lenung - Bate Tereng
The massive sarcophagi with human and crocodile figures carved in love found in this area are believed to be 2000 years old.

Dora Bate
The remains of The Dompu palace which was covered with volcanic dust during Mount Tamboras explosion in 181S. The area is now the government's archeological site.

Lepadi
The traditional Dompu horse race with small boys as the jockeys, originated from this village.

Bima
The capital town of Bima Regency and also the connecting port of Eastern, Central, and Western Indonesia. A restored former Sultan's palace containing historical items such as the royal crown.

Maria
The houses of this village are the finest examples of traditional Bima architecture.

Melayu
The sacred graveyard of the kings of Bima. Interesting ornaments on the tombstones.

Donggo Village
Located on a high plateau, this village is the home of the swidden-farmers called the Dou Donggo which literally means mountain people. Many historical remains were found here, including the original East Sumbawa house.

Mayo Island
One hour by boat from Labuhan Badas arid Sumbevva. A game National conservation area, patronage by the British Royal contains many wild and endangered species of birds and other animals. White sandy beaches and not less than 6000 hectares of magical underwater world, filled with abundant and colorful marine life, make this a natural paradise.

Taman Ria Tirta Sari
A sea resort with a recreational park. Bungalows, restaurants, and a fresh water swimming pool are available.

Labuhan Sumbawa
The former port of Sumbawa regency. A sleepy old port, now it is only used by the ferries departing for Moyo island.

Nisa Pudu Island
A nature conservation and recreational area providing a magnificent spot for experiencing the enchanting sunrise of Sumbawa accomodation is not available.

Hu'u Beach
Its long uncompromising curling waves give this area its reputation as one of the best spots for surfing in Indonesia.

Sarae Me'e Beach
Wind surfing and pleasant swimming.

Ule Beach
Marvelous sea panorama and Watersports venues.

Gunung Tambora
The highest mountain in Sumbawa. Its eruption in 1815 caused mass destruction throughout the island with the explosion heard as far as Ternate (1400 km), and tremors felt in Surabaya (800 km). The volcanic dust, ejected into the stratosphere creating spectacular orange sunsets around the world.

Kencana Beach
Magnificent view of the adjacent Moyo island and Tanjung Menangis (The Crying Cape), where homestays in Sumbawa architectural style are available.

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Borobudur Temple

Believed to have been derived from the Sanskrit words "Vihara Buddha Uhr", (Buddhist Monastery on the Hill). The Borobudur Temple was built in the eighth century by the Cailendra dynasty and is located at Magelang 90-km southeast of Semarang or 42 km Northwest of Yogyakarta. One of the world's most famous temples, it stand majestically on a hill overlooking lush green fields and distant hills. Borobudur is built of grey andesite stone.

It rises in seven terraces, each smaller than the one below it. The top is the Great Stupa, standing 40 meters above the ground. The walls of the Borobudur are sculpted in bas-relief, a total length of six kilometres.

It has been hailed as the largest and most complete ensemble of Buddhist relieves in the world, unsurpassed in artistic merit, and each scene an individual masterpiece.

The monument has been completely restored and was officially opened by the President on 23 February 1983. The restoration took eight years to complete, funded by the Government of Indonesia with aid from UNESCO and donations from private citizens and foreign governments. Stone cancer, moss and lichen in danger of collapsing its stone statues and bas-reliefs affected the Borobudur. A large parking area is available not far from the monument, so private cars and buses have to be parked in this area. During the Buddhist festival of Waisak in May, processions start from Mendut temple. Public transportation is available the bus terminal. From that point visitors can hire becaks or horse carts, or walk the rest of the way to the monument.

A rental car or taxi up to Borobudur Temple will take around one-hour’s drive 42 kms (26 miles) from Yogyakarta. Many tour-travel or hotels offer transportation to this fabled temple or using min-buses from terminal. Borobudur can also be reached by rental car or taxi or mini-buses from Magelang.

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